A way to stimulate ovaries to release eggs in women with ovulation problems (e.g. polycystic ovary syndrome), so as to maximize the chance of conception through intercourse or artificial insemination (IUI).

Different medications can be used:

• Oral medications: clomiphene citrate, letrozole
• Injections: gonadotrophins (FSH)

Regular hormonal and ultrasound assessment will help monitor the growth of the follicles during the ovarian stimulation and guide dosage adjustment. The optimal response is one to two follicles, as too many follicles would increase the chance of multiple pregnancy. In some situations, an ovulation trigger (hCG) may be given to time sexual intercourse or IUI.

Complications: multiple pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (rare with oral drugs).